File:Architecture, classic and early Christian (1888) (14586255829).jpg

Identifier: architectureclas00smituoft (find matches)
Title: Architecture, classic and early Christian
Year: 1888 (1880s)
Authors: Smith, Thomas Roger, d 1903 Slater, John
Subjects:
Publisher: London : Sampson Low
Contributing Library: Kelly - University of Toronto
Digitizing Sponsor: MSN

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dome,flanked usually by four arms, comparatively short, andall of equal length; and the plan of the buildings isgenerally square, or nearly so, in outline. Circular andpolygonal buildings sometimes occur. Tew traces of the arrangement of military, secular,or domestic buildings earlierthan the twelfth century re-main, but some examples of acloister at the side of the nave(generally the south side) of achurch, giving or intended togive access to monastic build-ings, still exist. TIte Walls of such buildingsas have come down to us are, itmay be well understood, strong,since the most recent of thisround-arched series of buildingsmust be about seven hundrt;dyears old. Fine masonry -wasnot much employed till the timeof the Normans, but the Eomanpi,in of building with bricks orrubble and casing the face of thewalls with marble or mosaic, orat least plaster, was generallyfollowed. The walls are carriedup as gables and towers to a considerable extent (Fig. 179),especially in Western countries.
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Fig. 17U.—SriRE of SpiresCaihedeal. analysis: the roof—the openings. 243 Thr liodf.—In a basilica this was of timber, in a Byzan-tine church it consisted of a series of domes; in a Roman-esque church it was sometimes of timber as in tlie basilica,but not unfrequently vaulted. As a general rule the vaultprevailed in the AVost and the dome in the East; andsuch examples of either sort of roof as occur in thoseprovinces where the other was usual, like the domedchurches in parts of France, must be looked upon asexceptional. Tlie Opcnimjs are almost invariably arched, and seldom,if ever, covered by a lintel. It is hardly necessary to addthat the arches are always round. Almost always theyare semicircular, but instances of the employment of asegmental arch, or of one the outline of which is a littlemore than half a circle, may be occasionally met with. Door openings are often made important both by sizeand decoration. Window openings are usually small; andthe grouping of two or more li

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