File:Appletons' annual cyclopædia and register of important events of the year (1876) (14756619776).jpg

Identifier: appletonsannualc00newy (find matches)
Title: Appletons' annual cyclopædia and register of important events of the year ..
Year: 1876 (1870s)
Authors: APPLETON
Subjects: Encyclopedias and dictionaries
Publisher: New York, N.Y. : D. Appleton & Co.
Contributing Library: Internet Archive
Digitizing Sponsor: Internet Archive

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ns burden. The expedition wasequipped for a three years cruise, and pro-vided with all the apparatus used in the mostthorough deep-sea investigations. The scien-tific staff consisted of Prof. Sars, Dr. Daniel-sen, and M. Fride, for biology; M. Svendsen,for chemistry; and Prof. Mohn, for physics,sea-temperature, meteorology, and magnetism.The region of the ocean to be explored is thatlying between Norway, the Shetland and FaroeIslands, Iceland, East Greenland, Jan Mayen,and Spitzbergen. A careful study of the sur-face-currents, obstructions, and best routes ofnavigation, is a part of their task. The expe-dition started from Bergen June 1st, and com-menced sounding and dredging in the Sogne-fiord. The depth was 600 fathoms, with abottom - temperature of 47.7° Fahr. Thefauna was a mixture of Atlantic and arcticforms, and many interesting specimens wereraised. After taking magnetical observationsof the island of Huso, they sailed along the GEOGRAPHICAL PROGRESS AND DISCOVERY IN 1876. 325
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coast of Southern Norway up to Cape Stadt.The bottom was of even depth, about 200fathoms, but the temperature began to fallabout 150 miles northwest of Cape Stadt. After leaving Christiansund it encounteredas many as five storms, so that little deep-seawork could be accomplished in this voyage.Dredging in the bank off Christiansund, called Storeggen, an Atlantic fauna was brought up;while immediately outside, in depths of 300to 500 fathoms, the water was icy cold, audcontained arctic types of life. Sounding offthe northeastern corner of the Faroe bankshowed a rapid increase of depth; in latitude 63°22 north, longitude 5° 30 west, it was soundedin 1,180 fathoms. The temperatures here were 326 GEOGRAPHICAL PROGRESS AND DISCOVERY IN 1876. 32.4° Fahr. in 400 fathoms, 31.8° in 500 fath-oms, and 29.8° at the bottom. Thermometri-cal observations, at a station west of 10° 15west, showed a bottom-temperature of 46.2°Fahr. A visit to the Westman Islands, off thesouth coast of Iceland, re

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