File:Appendix to the Journals of the Senate and Assembly of the session of the Legislature of the State of California (1903) (14784388292).jpg

Identifier: appendixtojourna19033cali (find matches)
Title: Appendix to the Journals of the Senate and Assembly of the ... session of the Legislature of the State of California
Year: 1853 (1850s)
Authors: California. Legislature
Subjects: Legislative journals
Publisher: Sacramento : State Printing
Contributing Library: San Francisco Public Library
Digitizing Sponsor: San Francisco Public Library

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77 ■% ■ / 77 ^//t-17 ^. ... IV. Kateso. ^^^^^^<^^^^^^^^^^\^iiT^-^r^^ diameters, wi.. surlace» resorted to. This was done by tapping the cylinder quite vig^oi^lywhile pouring in the soil. Then after the entire mass was in, the toprndwas™rely closed, the cylinder inverted, and the soil loosenedthen bv re-inverting the cylinder and tapping gently the soil wasIroSghlto the required to^ mark. In this -^ J-^ ^^^ou^^results were obtained. But it served to impress the fact that although PERCOLATION OF WATER THROUGH SOILS. 163 the diameters of the cylinders used do not materially affect the rates offlow, it IS far more difficult to secure uniform results when cylinders ofsmall diameters—say less than one inch—are used. For in this casemuch smaller masses of soil are dealt with, and thus small differencescount, where they would play but a trifling part in larger masses. Inother words, the differences due to packing the cylinders are morediluted in the larger soil masses. \i»^wr :
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Fig. V. Apparatus for percolation of water through soils. Apparatus for Comparative Tests.—It has thus been shown that thediameters of the tubes are of no special consequence, but it is moredifficult to secure uniform results with those of less than one inch. Itwas decided, therefore, to use cylinders of not less than 1^ inches indiameter for the experiments with different soils. A length of forty 164 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA—EXPERIMENT STATION. inches for the cylinders was determined upon. Irrigation water shouldreach to that depth in nearlv all cases in California; hence, the desira-bility of determining the length of time it takes the water to get downthat far In addition, it was hoped that somewhere above this depthexisted the theoretical even-rate of flow due to capillarity alone, andthat therefore this could be observed and determined for the severalsoils under investigation. To this depth, however, no even-rate flowwas obtained in any case, as the data hereinafter presented

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