File:Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution (1909) (14776340161).jpg

Identifier: annualreportofbo1909smit (find matches)
Title: Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution
Year: 1846 (1840s)
Authors: Smithsonian Institution. Board of Regents United States National Museum. Report of the U.S. National Museum Smithsonian Institution. Report of the Secretary
Subjects: Smithsonian Institution Smithsonian Institution. Archives Discoveries in science
Publisher: Washington : Smithsonian Institution
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Smithsonian Libraries

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f the Pantheon is built entirely of brick in the same way—that is,in horizontal courses. If he was right, it would seem to indicate thateven in the reign of Hadrian the Romans had not arrived at our con-ception of domes as developments of the arch and dependent fortheir stability on much the same forces, but they regarded them assystems of corbelling. The chamber above the Tullianum, called theMamertine prison, is, however, roofed with a small barrel vault neatlybuilt with stone voussoirs (pi. 1, fig. 1). Its date is uncertain exceptthat is very early Republican. If Vitruvius knew how to build avault at all, it is surprising that he did not give instructions in theart in a work which he evidently intended should cover the wholefield of building and in which he deals with so many smaller mat-ters. In the chapter on baths* he twice mentions Camerse, that is, «Remains, I, 196. <^ Op. cit. 6 Ibid., II, 149. evit, V, 10. cVit, II, 8, 7. Smithsonian Report, 1909.—Baggallay. Plate 2.
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Opus reticulatum in the Mausoleum of Augustus, said to have been Built in 28 B. C. ROMAN ARCHITECTURE—BAGGALLAY. 657 arched ceiling, over the hot rooms and twice the hemisphere overthe semicircular recess in which the labrum was placed. But he im-plies that the arched ceilings would not usually be structural ones.He says they will be more serviceable if built, but not how that isto be done, and proceeds to describe as an alternative a ceiling ofroofing tiles without margins laid on iron rods or arches hungto a timber framing. The still existing barrel and hemispherical vaults over some of therooms in the public baths at Pompeii are often quoted as of the re-publican period, but their date is very uncertain. From illustra-tions it would appear that they are entirely of concrete or rubblewithout brick, but the w^alls of the rooms are shown as having brickpiers and lacing courses, which, according even to Doctor Middle-ton, Avould make them not earlier than the last years of the reign

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