File:Angers (Maine-et-Loire) (11236618233).jpg
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[edit]DescriptionAngers (Maine-et-Loire) (11236618233).jpg |
La cale de la Savatte et le Pont de Verdun. Le pont de Verdun traverse la Maine et relie le centre ville au quartier de La Dourtre. La première mention remonte à un texte de Grégoire de Tours de 590. "L’armée, qui avait passé la première n’osa retourner par le chemin qu’elle avait pris en venant, de peur qu’on ne lui rendit le mal qu’elle avait fait ; elle se dirigea vers la ville d’Angers pour aller trouver le pont placé sur la Mayenne ; mais une petite troupe qui passa la première fut dépouillée, maltraitée et réduite aux dernières ignominies." (Grégoire de Tours - Histoire des Francs - Livre X) La confusion Maine-Mayenne est fréquente. Certains auteurs estiment que la Maine n'est pas une rivière particulière : elle ne serait que la dénomination locale de la Mayenne sur la partie angevine de son cours, entre Château-Gontier et la Loire. Ce pont devait être entièrement en bois car vers 1028-1039 le comte Foulque Nerra fait reconstruire les piles en pierre, le tablier restant en bois. Le pont était recouvert de moulins pendus et de pêcheries. En 1144 le pont est détruit par un incendie : il est reconstruit et couvert de maisons dotées de boutiques. Un nouvel incendie intervient en juillet 1206 avec la prise de la ville par Jean sans Terre (John Lackland). Jean avait débarqué à La Rochelle le 8 juillet 1206 pour reprendre les terres tombées aux mains des Français. Avec l'aide du vicomte de Thouars, il prit Angers puis consentit une trêve le 26 octobre. Trêve dans laquelle il abandonnait toutes ses anciennes provinces au Nord de la Loire. Philippe Auguste reprendra la ville en 1214. La propriété de ce pont passera successivement entre plusieurs mains. Il passera de l'abbaye du Ronceray à l'hôpital Saint-Jean et à un bourgeois, Guillaume Fremière (Archéofluviale - Angers). Il sera acheté par le conseil de la ville en 1542. Le pont et ses maisons sont souvent victimes des inondations : la crue la plus grave, en 1651, emporte trois arches et 32 maisons : des réparations sommaires sont effectuées, mais en 1691 la ville interdit désormais de bâtir sur le pont. La rénovation du pont durera jusqu'en 1710, essentiellement sous la conduite de l'ingénieur du roi Nicolas Poictevin. Le pont fait l'objet d'une reconstruction complète entre 1846 et 1848 par l'ingénieur en chef des Ponts et Chaussées Jules Dupuit qui réutilise dans la mesure du possible les anciennes fondations : le pont prend alors le nom de pont du Centre. D'après certains il prend son appellation actuelle en 1916 en commémoration de la victoire de Verdun. Mais il est une autre version : Il est renommé "pont de Verdun" avec l'érection de la statue du lieutenant-colonel Beaurepaire, officier de l'armée française, mort en 1792 à Verdun lors de la reddition de cette ville face aux Prussiens. Il ne s'agissait pas encore de commémorer la Bataille de Verdun de 1916. Deux arches furent dynamitées par les Allemands lors de la libération d'Angers en 1944. En 1945 et 1947 elles sont reconstruites et l'on enlèvera les débris restant dans la Maine et arasera les maçonneries de piles restantes. Des consolidations de piles furent entreprises en 1966, 1975 et 1980. En 1989, suite à une inspection détaillée du pont, la D.D.E. décide d'entreprendre une nouvelle campagne de renforcement des fondations. Les consolidations seront menées jusqu'en 1992. Le projet de consolidation des piles du pont ne fut pas porté à la connaissance de la Direction Régionale des Antiquités des Pays-de-la-Loire. C'est seulement à la suite du début des travaux, en juin 1990, que la personne chargée des dossiers d'Angers, pris contact avec la D.D.E. pour prévoir les modalités d'un sauvetage archéologique. Après une vive prise en main du dossier par l'adjoint du Directeur des Antiquités, il fut décidé l'arrêt des travaux pendant une seule et unique journée afin de pouvoir réaliser un sauvetage d'urgence accéléré. Seuls les pieux émergents entre les piles 2 et 4 devant disparaître lors des travaux font l'objet d'un relevé et d'un prélèvement.(Archéofluviale)
The bridge crosses the Maine and connects the city center to the area of La Dourtre .
" The army, which had spent the first dared not return by the way she had taken in coming, lest they gave him the evil she had done, she went to the city of Angers to go find the bridge placed on the Mayenne , but a small group who spent the first was stripped , abused and reduced to the last ignominy . " ( Gregory of Tours - History of the Franks - Book X ) Confusion Maine Mayenne is common. Some authors believe that Maine is not a particular river : it is only the local name of Mayenne on the Angevin part of its course , between Château- Gontier and the Loire. This bridge should be entirely of wood for 1028-1039 to the Count Fulk Nerra rebuilt stone stacks the deck remaining wood . The bridge was covered with hanging mills and fisheries. In 1144 the bridge was destroyed by fire: it was rebuilt and covered houses with shops. A new fire occurs in July 1206 with the capture of the city by John Lackland . John landed at La Rochelle July 8, 1206 to take over the land fell into the hands of the French . With the help of the Viscount of Thouars , he took Angers then agreed a truce on October 26 . Truce in which he left all his former provinces north of the Loire. Philippe Auguste retook the city in 1214 . Ownership of the bridge will successively through several hands . Happen Abbey Ronceray at St. John's Hospital and a bourgeois , Guillaume Fremière ( Archéofluviale - Angers) . It will be purchased by the city council in 1542. The bridge and the houses are often victims of floods : the worst flood in 1651 , carries three arches and 32 houses : summary repairs are made , but in 1691 the city now forbidden to build the bridge. The renovation of the bridge will last until 1710 , mainly under the leadership of the king's engineer Nicolas Poictevin . The bridge is the subject of a complete reconstruction between 1846 and 1848 by the Chief Engineer of Roads and Bridges Jules Dupuit that reuses the extent possible the old foundations : the bridge took the name of Bridge Centre. According to some it takes its current name in 1916 in commemoration of the victory of Verdun. But there is another version : It is renamed " Verdun bridge " with the erection of the statue of Lieutenant Colonel Beaurepaire , officer in the French army , who died in 1792 at Verdun at the surrender of the city to the Prussians . It was not yet to commemorate the Battle of Verdun in 1916. Two arches were dynamited by the Germans during the liberation of Angers in 1944. In 1945 and 1947 they were rebuilt and we will remove the debris remaining in the Maine and arasera masonry remaining batteries. Consolidations batteries were undertaken in 1966, 1975 and 1980. In 1989 , following a detailed inspection of the bridge, the DDE decided to undertake a new campaign building foundations. Consolidations will be conducted until 1992. The consolidation plan of the bridge was not brought to the attention of the Regional Directorate of Antiquities of Pays-de -la- Loire. It is only after the work began, in June 1990, that the person who files Angers , made contact with the DDE for providing for an archaeological rescue .After a lively handling of the case by the Deputy Director of Antiquities , it was decided to stop work for a single day in order to achieve accelerated emergency rescue. Only emerging pious between stacks 2 and 4 to disappear when the work is subject to a survey and a sample. ( Archéofluviale ) |
Date | Taken on 30 November 2013, 11:56 |
Source | Angers (Maine-et-Loire) |
Author | Daniel Jolivet |
Camera location | 47° 28′ 15.19″ N, 0° 33′ 48.6″ W ![]() | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | ![]() |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by sybarite48 at https://flickr.com/photos/26082117@N07/11236618233. It was reviewed on 14 November 2017 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
14 November 2017
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Camera manufacturer | PENTAX |
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Camera model | PENTAX K-5 II |
Author | JOLIVET Daniel |
Copyright holder |
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Exposure time | 1/125 sec (0.008) |
F-number | f/13 |
ISO speed rating | 200 |
Date and time of data generation | 11:56, 30 November 2013 |
Lens focal length | 50 mm |
Latitude | 47° 28′ 15.19″ N |
Longitude | 0° 33′ 48.6″ W |
Altitude | 102.1 meters above sea level |
Short title |
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Image title |
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Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 9.0 Macintosh |
File change date and time | 14:40, 4 December 2013 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Shutter priority |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 11:56, 30 November 2013 |
Meaning of each component |
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APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 75 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Contrast | Hard |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Hard |
Subject distance range | Distant view |
GPS time (atomic clock) | 09:56 |
Satellites used for measurement | 03 |
Receiver status | Measurement in progress |
Measurement mode | 2-dimensional measurement |
Speed unit | Kilometers per hour |
Speed of GPS receiver | 1.11 |
Reference for direction of movement | True direction |
Direction of movement | 45.44 |
Reference for direction of image | True direction |
Direction of image | 20.58 |
Geodetic survey data used | WGS-84 |
GPS date | 30 November 2013 |
GPS tag version | 2.3.0.0 |
Width | 4,928 px |
Height | 3,264 px |
Pixel composition | RGB |
Number of components | 3 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Image width | 4,928 px |
Image height | 3,264 px |
APEX shutter speed | 6.965784 |
APEX aperture | 7.400879 |
Name of GPS processing method | GPS |
Bits per component |
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Date metadata was last modified | 15:40, 6 December 2013 |
Writer | Jolivet Daniel |
Unique ID of original document | xmp.did:F77F1174072068118A6DAF4874EE93CC |
Copyright status | Copyright status not set |
IIM version | 2 |