File:Anatomy, physiology and hygiene (1900) (14776673744).jpg

Identifier: anatomyphysiolog00walk (find matches)
Title: Anatomy, physiology and hygiene
Year: 1900 (1900s)
Authors: Walker, Jerome, 1845-
Subjects: Physiology Health
Publisher: Boston, Allyn and Bacon
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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. Fe Ca L -SS Fig. 16. Longitudinal Section of Knee Joint, showing the relation of the structures which enterinto its composition. T, tendon. CaL, capsular or envelop- F, fat. SS, synovial sac. ing ligament. L, ligament of patella. Fe, femur. P, patella or knee pan. Ti, tibia. Cr L, crucial or cross-shaped ligament between the ends of the femur and tibia. BONES AND JOINTS. 39 further strengthened by muscles and tendons, and also, insome degree, by the enveloping fat and skin. The articu-lar surfaces of these bones are protected from friction bythin shields of firm, elastic tissue, called cartilage, and, inthe movable joints, by the synovial1 membranes whichline their cavities and which pour into the joints, as it isneeded, a lubricating substance called the synovial fluid.The elasticity of these cartilages serves to diminish shocks
Text Appearing After Image:
A Fig. 17- B A. Longitudinal section of wrist joints, showing the synovial sacs and membranes (SS).B. Ligaments of wrist joint (L). from walking, running, jumping, etc., thus protecting thedelicate structures of the body from injuries which wouldotherwise result. 33. Injuries to Joints. — Sprains are the violent strainingor twisting of one or more of the structures of a joint.So serious, sometimes, is the injury that a sprain is spokenof as a broken joint. A dislocation is a bone out of place,and is often associated with the tearing1 or bruising of 1 So called from the synovia or adhesive fluid within it. 40 BOXES AXD JOIXTS. joint tissues. The treatment of sprains, as well as ofdislocations and fractures, should be under the directionof a physician.1 QUESTIONS. 1. Of what use are bones ? 2. How many are there in the body? How classified? 3. Describe the long bones, and explain the use of their length. 4. Where are the short bones located ? 5. What is the special use of flat bones ?

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