File:Anatomy, descriptive and surgical (electronic resource) (1860) (14764529072).jpg

Identifier: b20386424 (find matches)
Title: Anatomy, descriptive and surgical (electronic resource)
Year: 1860 (1860s)
Authors: Gray, Henry, 1825-1861 Carter, H. V., ill Westmacott, John Guise, Dr, ill
Subjects: Anatomy
Publisher: London : J.W. Parker
Contributing Library: Wellcome Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Wellcome Library

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. It ascends intothe thorax through the aorticopening in the Diaphragm,and is placed in the posteriormediastinum in front of thevertebral column, lying be-tween the aorta and venaazygos. Opposite the fourthdorsal vertebra it inclines to-wards the left side and ascendsbehind the arch of the aorta,on the left side of the oeso-phagus, and behind the firstportion of the left subclavianartery, to the upper orifice ofthe thorax. Opposite theupper border of the seventhcervical vertebra it curvesdownwards above the sub-clavian artery, and in frontof the Scalenus muscle, so asto form an arch; and ter-minates near the angle ofjunction of the left internaljugular and subclavian veins.The thoracic duct, at its com-mencement, is about equal insize to the diameter of a goose-quill, diminishes consider-ably in its calibre in the middle of the thorax, and is again dilated just before its termination. It is generallyflexuous in its course, and constricted at intervals go as to present a varicose G G 2
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452 LYMPHATICS appearance. The thoracic duct not unfrequently divides in the middle of itscourse into two branches of unequal size which soon re-unite, or into severalbranches which form a plexiform interlacement. It occasionally bifurcates, atits upper part, into two branches, the left one terminating in the usual manner, theright one opening into the right subclavian vein, in connection with the rightlymphatic duct. The thoracic duct has numerous valves throughout its wholecourse, but they are more numerous in the upper than in the lower part; at itstermination it is provided with a pair of valves, the free borders of which areturned towards the vein, so as to prevent the regurgitation of venous blood intothe duct. Branches. The thoracic duct at its commencement receives four or five largetrunks from the abdominal lymphatic glands, and also the trunk of the lactealvessels. Within the thorax, it is joined by the lymphatic vessels from the lefthalf of the wall of the thoracic cavity,

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