File:An academic physiology and hygiene (1903) (14778766044).jpg

Identifier: academicphysio00bran (find matches)
Title: An academic physiology and hygiene ..
Year: 1903 (1900s)
Authors: Brands, Orestes M. (from old catalog) Van Gieson, Henry C., (from old catalog) joint author
Subjects: Hygiene Physiology
Publisher: Boston, B. H. Sanborn & co
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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are short, thick, and powerful. They formthe fleshy mass that covers the back of the hip-bones,and arise from the bones of the pelvis and lower part ofthe backbone. 16. The four large and long muscles situated in frontof the femur or thigh-bone straighten the leg upon thethigh after the knee has been bent. They arise from thepelvis and thigh-bone, and unite below in a broad tendonin the centre of which the patella or knee-cap is situated.Below the knee-cap this tendon contracts, and is called theligament of the patella, and is attached to the upper partof the tibia or shin-bone. A large biceps muscle backof the thigh-bone draws the leg up backward, so as tobend the knee; and a set of muscles on the inner sidesof the thighs draw the legs together. THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM. 61 17. On the front of the leg are several muscles calledextetisors, the tendons of which extend to the ankle andto the bones of the toes. These straighten the toes anddraw the foot up in front toward the leg. The muscles
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Fig. 26.EXPLANATION. In this figure the muscles of the lower part of the leg and of the foot are represented.Those used in extending the toes, and bending the foot upward, are situated in front of theleg and upper part of the foot; while those that bend the foot downward, and bend the toes,are located at the back of the leg and on the sole of the foot. These muscles are attached tothe toes by round, cord-like tendons, that may be plainly felt, and their form seen, when thetoes are extended or drawn upward. a, the broad ligament that binds down the muscles of the ankle. b, the tendon of Achilles, at the back of the ankle, which extends from the muscle of thecalf to the back of the heel. This is the strongest tendon of the body : it raises the heel. c, muscles which turn the foot outward. d, tendons of muscles that extend the toes. e, tendon of muscle that extends the great toe, and separates it from the next. f, muscle of the calf of the leg. g, muscles that bend the ankle, and pull th

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