File:An academic physiology and hygiene (1903) (14594477670).jpg

Identifier: academicphysio00bran (find matches)
Title: An academic physiology and hygiene ..
Year: 1903 (1900s)
Authors: Brands, Orestes M. (from old catalog) Van Gieson, Henry C., (from old catalog) joint author
Subjects: Hygiene Physiology
Publisher: Boston, B. H. Sanborn & co
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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seenwith tiic naked eye, to the softer and pliable calf-skin, andthe still more delicate kid, is made from the derma, or true .. of animal 8. The under surface of the derma rests upon loose con-nect -ue, which unites it with the flesh or parts be-lt is in this connective tissue that fat is deposited ; derma varies in thickness in different . a fiftieth to about a sixth of an inch, beu .. * In b 274 ACADEMIC PHYSIOLOGY. and here water accumulates in dropsy. The upper surfaceis not smooth, but has myriads of little conical or roundedelevations, termed papillce (Lat. papilla, a nipple), formedby the extremities of nerves and vessels. In certain partsof the skin the papillae are scattered irregularly ; while inother parts they are arranged in rows, and present theappearance of parallel ridges in the surface of the outerskin, especially where the sense of touch is very keen, asin the tips of the fingers and palms of the hands. Theepidermis lies in direct contact with the derma : its under
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Fig. 49. — Papillce of the Skin from the Palm of the Hand. Magnified 60 diameters.The epidermis has been removed. surface dips down between all the papillae, and is accu-rately moulded to fit them. 9. In the derma are situated nerves, blood-vessels, sweatand sebaceous glands, and absorbent vessels, — organswhose functions will be noticed later. 10. The Epidermis, or Scarf Skin. —The epidermis, or cuti-cle (Lat. little skin), is a thin, transparent membrane,a sort of organic varnish, designed to come in contactwith the air and external objects, and to protect the ex-quisite sensitiveness of the true skin. Unlike the derma,it is not composed of fibres, but of separate roundish cells,piled one upon another to a varying thickness in different THE SKIN, CLOTHING, AND BATHING. 275 parts of the layer ; thus, upon the soles of the feet, palmsof the hands, and wherever friction makes greater protec-tion necessary, the epidermis is very thick. 11. Although the epidermis is in general so t

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