File:An academic physiology and hygiene (1903) (14594472970).jpg

Identifier: academicphysio00bran (find matches)
Title: An academic physiology and hygiene ..
Year: 1903 (1900s)
Authors: Brands, Orestes M. (from old catalog) Van Gieson, Henry C., (from old catalog) joint author
Subjects: Hygiene Physiology
Publisher: Boston, B. H. Sanborn & co
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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er arise from the spinal cord and pass through open- - in the sides of the bones of the spine. Nerves are_-n off in pairs, the nerves of each pair extending inopposite directions. 12. The Cranial Nerves.—Twelve pairs of nerves, suc- g one another from before backwards, are given offm the brain. Nearly all of these nerves are either di-rectly or indirectly traceable to the medulla oblongata, theonly exceptions being the nerves ight and of smell. 11 As might be expected from this circumstance alone, themedulla oblongata is an extremely important part of thecerebro-spinal axis, injury to it giving rise to immediateevil consequences of the i - kind. 13. The cranial nerves include nerves of the special - of common sensation, nerves of motion,and mixed nerves. The nerves of special sense include to the eyes, ea tnd thr< and respectively conduct the sensation- of sight, heansmell, and taste. The other cranial nei induct sen- y and motory impulses to the mus ice, 246 ACADEMIC PHYSIOLOGY.
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Fig. 47.EXPLANATION.A, A, the cerebrum; B, B, the cerebellum; C, C, the union of the fibres of the cerebrum ;D, D, the union of the fibres of the two sides of the cerebellum; E, E, E, the spinal cord;1, 1, the cranial nerves ; 2, 2, the branches of the spinal nerves that extend to the neck andorgans of the chest; 3, 3, the branches of the spinal nerves that extend to the arm andJingers ; 4, 4, 4, 4, the dorsal nerves that extend to the walls of the chest, back, loins,and abdomen ; 5,5, the lumbar nerves that also extend to the chest and abdomen ; 6, 6, thesacral nerves that unite and form the great sciatic nerve of the legs. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. 247 mouth, throat, stomach, lungs, heart, and other internalorgans. One pair of the cranial nerves, the pneumo-gastric (Gr.pneuma, breath; and g-astcr, stomach), a veryimportant mixed nerve, sends both sensory and motoryfibres to the larynx, lungs, oesophagus, stomach, heart,

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