File:An American text-book of physiology (1900) (18162103865).jpg

Title: An American text-book of physiology
Identifier: americantextbook02bowd (find matches)
Year: 1900 (1900s)
Authors: Bowditch, Henry P; Howell, William Henry, 1860-1945
Subjects: Physiology
Publisher: Philadelphia : Saunders
Contributing Library: University of California Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Internet Archive

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REP ROD UL'TION. 455 ovary to be taken up by the Fallopian tube. The empty follicle undergoes changes and becomes the corpus luteum (cl). Usually the corpus luteum de- generates within a few days and ultimately disappears. If, however, pregnancy follows ovulation, it grows very large, perhaps because of the congested state of the reproductive organs, and remains for months before the retrograde metamorphosis sets in. Not all Graafian follicles reach maturity and burst, for many, after developing to a considerable size, undergo degenerative changes, characterized by liquefaction and disappearance of their contents. The discharge of the ovum is known technically as ovulation. In most animals ovulation is a periodic phenomenon accompanying certain seasons, and is marked by general sexual activity. In woman and many domesticated ani- mals the relation to the seasons no longer exists, but too little is known of the causes and time-relations of the phenomenon and its general bearings upon other physiological processes, notably upon menstruation in woman. A large
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Fig. 222.—Diagram of the female reproductive organs (modified from Henle and Symington): o, ovary; G./, Graafian follicle containing an ovum; cl, corpus luteum; p, parovarium;/, fimbriated end of F. t, Fallopian tube; u, body, and c, cervix of uterus; o.e, os uteri externum; vg, vagina ; h, hymen ; u, open- ing of urethra; v, vulval cleft; n, labia minora, or nymphiu; /•»(, labia majora. but not wholly decisive literature upon the subject in the human being has been written. It is a common belief, originating in the seventeenth century, that ovulation in woman is a periodic phenomenon occurring regularly every month and contemporaneous with the occurrence of the menstrual flow, and numerous post-mortem observations of the presence in the ovary of freshly- discharged Graafian follicles at the menstrual period afford evidence of the frequent coincidence of the two phenomena. But ovulation at the time of menstruation, though probably usual, is not exclusive of ovulation at other

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