File:America, from discovery in 1942 to the present time (1894) (14741807986).jpg

Identifier: americafromdisco00boyd (find matches)
Title: America, from discovery in 1942 to the present time
Year: 1894 (1890s)
Authors: Boyd, James P(enny) (from old catalog)
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Publisher: Mansfield, Ohio, Estill & co
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: Sloan Foundation

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gress. Another bill,similar in terms, providing for the education and military pro-tection of the negro race, was passed in July. This was alsovetoed, on the ground that the civil courts were open for theirprotection, and that the matter was one entirely within the con-trol of the States. It became a law over the veto. The passage of the Civil Rights bill, in March, which was de-signed to secure to the negroes some of the rights of citizenshipby enabling them to enforce their contracts in the United StatesCourts, was vetoed, on the ground that it was an attempt to con-fer citizenship on men just released from bondage and overrodethe State laws and State tribunals. Though the bill was passedover the Presidents veto, the Congress proceeded to clarify thequestion of citizenship by passing the Fourteenth Amendmentto the Constitution, June 16, 1866, which became operative, July28, 1868. This measure the President also opposed, as did theDemocrats. The Homestead laws were extended to public
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626 PRESIDENTS AND ADMINISTRATIONS. lands in the South, the army was reduced, some internal taxeswere abohshed. Congress adjourned, July 28, 1866. THIRTY-NINTH CONGRESS—Second Session. —MetDec. 3, 1866. The Presidents attitude to the majority in Con-gress had become hostile and defiant. By his vetoes of Con-gressional enactments he had given proof of his intention to re-duce the power of Congress over the work of Reconstruction toa minimum. By his repeated proclamations to the SouthernStates he had as fully shown that he intended to make the workof Reconstruction as purely an executive one as he could, andthis though his attention and that of the country had beencalled, by an address of the Republican National Committee, tothe fact that no provisions existed in the Constitution or outsideof Congress for the re-establishment of States which had brokentheir allegiance by secession and failed to establish secession byforce. The situation was not conducive to deliberate legislation. I

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