File:Alligator mississippiensis (American alligator) 2 (15725673711).jpg
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Summary
[edit]DescriptionAlligator mississippiensis (American alligator) 2 (15725673711).jpg |
Alligator mississippiensis (Daudin, 1801) - American alligator (captive, Newport Aquarium, Newport, Kentucky, USA). The crocodilians have been around since the Triassic (early Mesozoic). Crocodilians include four groups: eusuchians (the only living group), mesosuchians (extinct), protosuchians (extinct), and sphenosuchians (extinct). Some fossil crocodilians reached such immense sizes that they preyed on dinosaurs. Another fossil group of reptiles, the phytosaurs (upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Rutiodon_BW.jpg), closely resemble crocodilians, but are unrelated (phytosaurs are crurotarsan archosaurs). All modern and fossil crocodilians have the same overall skeletal structure, although some fossils forms did depart somewhat from the stereotypical crocodile body plan (quadrupedal, dorso-ventrally compressed bodies, elongated skull & snout with eyes atop the head). So, the crocodilians are, in relative terms, evolutionarily conservative. Living crocodilians are tropical to temperate, predatory semiaquatic reptiles, but fossil representatives include fully marine forms and inferred terrestrial forms. Only two living crocodilians are native to America - the American alligator and the American crocodile. Both occur in the far-southeastern parts of the USA (Florida). This is a juvenile American alligator, which differs from an adult in having a smaller body size and by having light-colored crossbanding on the back, sides, tail, and limbs. As are all crocodilians, the alligator is a predator (carnivore), although it also known to be a frugivore (fruit eater). In this photo, note the presence of small black dots near the alligator's mouth. All modern crocodilians have these structures These are integumentary sense organs (ISOs). They provide the animal with sensations “beyond-the-five senses”. ISOs are connected to nerves that pass through canals in the jaw bones of the skull. ISOs are traditionally inferred to only function when at the air-water interface. However, ISOs along the flanks of crocodiles are essentially always below water. It's been shown that ISOs don't detect electric fields or magnetic fields. Vibration detection seems the most likely function of crocodilian ISOs, especially upon consideration of effective nocturnal hunting by most modern forms. Classification: Animalia, Chordata, Vertebrata, Reptilia, Crocodilia, Alligatoridae |
Date | |
Source | Alligator mississippiensis (American alligator) 2 |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by jsj1771 at https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/15725673711. It was reviewed on 3 May 2015 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
3 May 2015
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current | 21:26, 3 May 2015 | 2,470 × 1,737 (1.32 MB) | Natuur12 (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via Flickr2Commons |
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Camera manufacturer | NIKON CORPORATION |
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Camera model | NIKON D70s |
Exposure time | 1/60 sec (0.016666666666667) |
F-number | f/5.6 |
Date and time of data generation | 15:27, 19 March 2007 |
Lens focal length | 200 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CS2 Macintosh |
File change date and time | 17:28, 6 November 2014 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Not defined |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 15:27, 19 March 2007 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 4 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 5 APEX (f/5.66) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash fired, strobe return light detected, auto mode |
DateTime subseconds | 80 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 80 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 80 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 300 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | None |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Image width | 2,470 px |
Image height | 1,737 px |
Date metadata was last modified | 12:28, 6 November 2014 |