File:Action potential propagation animation.gif
Action_potential_propagation_animation.gif (649 × 480 pixels, file size: 3.2 MB, MIME type: image/gif, looped, 51 frames, 13 s)
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Summary
[edit]This animated gif illustrates action potential propagation in an axon. Three types of ion channel are shown: potassium "leak" channels (blue), voltage-gate sodium channels (red) and voltage-gated potassium channels (green). The movement of positively-charged sodium and potassium ions through these ion channels controls the membrane potential of the axon. The negative-inside resting potential is mostly determined by potassium ions leaving the cell through leak channels. Action potentials are initiated in the axon initial segment after neurotransmitter activates excitatory receptors in the neuron's dendrites and cell body. This depolarizes the axon initial segment to the threshold voltage for opening of voltage-gated sodium channels. Sodium ions entering through the sodium channels shift the membrane potential to positive-inside, approaching the sodium equilibrium potential. The positive-inside voltage during the action potential in the initial segment causes the adjacent part of the axon membrane to reach threshold. When positive-inside membrane potentials are reached, voltage-gated potassium channels open and voltage-gate sodium channels close. Potassium ions leaving the axon through voltage-gated potassium channels return the membrane potential to negative-inside values near the potassium equilibrium potential. When the voltage-gated potassium channels gate shut, the membrane potential returns to the resting potential.
DescriptionAction potential propagation animation.gif |
English: I (John Schmidt) made this animated GIF with images that I made for Image:Action potential video.ogg. |
Date | |
Source | Mars |
Author | John Schmidt |
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Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled GNU Free Documentation License.http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.htmlGFDLGNU Free Documentation Licensetruetrue |
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Annotations InfoField | This image is annotated: View the annotations at Commons |
activation gate
inactivation gate
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 16:07, 19 August 2008 | ![]() | 649 × 480 (3.2 MB) | JWSchmidt (talk | contribs) | {{Information |Description={{en|1=I (John Schmidt) made this animated GIF with images that I made for Image:Action potential video.ogg.}} |Source=Mars |Author=John Schmidt |Date=August 18, 2008 |Permission= |other_versions= }} <!--{{ImageUpload|full |
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