File:A treatise on the nervous diseases of children, for physicians and students (1905) (14781546621).jpg

Identifier: treatiseonner00sach (find matches)
Title: A treatise on the nervous diseases of children, for physicians and students
Year: 1905 (1900s)
Authors: Sachs, Bernard, 1858-1944
Subjects: Nervous system Children
Publisher: New York, W. Wood and company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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vius. Such differences as these are characteristic of alower order of brain development (criminal brains, for in-stance). On minute examination of such brains that havebeen hardened, the large nerve-cells in the cortex are seento be distorted, their contours not as well marked as in thenormal brain, the protoplasmic contents are found in va-rious stages of disintegration. The nuclei are either sub-divided or destroyed, and the fine nerve-processes, so 5H THE NERVOUS DISEASES OF CHILDREN. beautifully distinct in the normal cells, have disappearedentirely. Sections through the cortical tissue of any partof the hemispheres reveal practically the same condition.The anatomical study of two cases, made some years ago,led to the recognition of a special type of idiocy with blind-ness and ending in marasmus. (See section on AmauroticFamily Idiocy.) It has been definitely ascertained that theagenesis corticalis is part of a degeneration of the gray mat-ter of the entire central nervous system.
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Fig. 133 —Photograph of Brain of Authors First Case of Amaurotic Family Idiocy.The histological condition was described as an agenesis corticalis. In the abovefigure, the confluence of fissures and the exposure of the Island of Reil are the signsof a low order of cerebral development. Through the hardening process the condi-tions have been accentuated a little, but they were present in the fresh specimen.At x, and in the frontal lobes, sections had been removed for histological examina-tion. Other letters refer to fissures. MACROCEPHALUS. This term may be applied equally well to an increase in the size of thehead due to hydrocephalus, as to those rarer conditions in which an in-crease in the volume of the brain has brought about a corresponding in-crease in that of the skull. Hypertrophy of the brain is very rare indeed.While some maintain that the increased size of the brain is due to a prolif-eration of the neuroglia, others believe that it is the result of an increasein all the e

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