File:A popular California flora, or, Manual of botany for beginners. Containing descriptions of flowering plants growing in central California, and westward to the ocean. With illustrated introductory (14784886775).jpg

Identifier: popularcalifornia00ratt (find matches)
Title: A popular California flora, or, Manual of botany for beginners. Containing descriptions of flowering plants growing in central California, and westward to the ocean. With illustrated introductory lessons, especially adapted to the Pacific coast
Year: 1883 (1880s)
Authors: Rattan, Volney, 1840-1915
Subjects: Plants -- California
Publisher: San Francisco, A.L. Bancroft
Contributing Library: The LuEsther T Mertz Library, the New York Botanical Garden
Digitizing Sponsor: The LuEsther T Mertz Library, the New York Botanical Garden

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r of leaves a 1. Seed of Bur-clover just be-fore it appears above groi;ud. 2.Same three days older. 3. JIus-tard. 4. Bur-clover showing the /r^first and second plumule leaves; fJthe former simple (apparently), \r^the 1 itter with three leaflets. 5. )Mallows (Malvaborealis), show-ing the long-petioled Sf e 1 leaves(Cotyledons , and one plumuleleaf unfolded. 6- Filaria (Ero-diiim), -with lobed or sub-com-pound seed leaves. tiny bud; or, in the older plants, this may have grown other leaves, whichcuriously enough are not like the first two. (Figures 1 to G). Searching-through the shovelful of earth you will likely find plants in all stages ofgrowth, from swollen and sprouting seeds to stems, which are just pusli-ing their bowed leaf-heads into the sunlight. Here, then, is materialfrom which you may learn how plants grow; a lesson, remember, whichno text-book or schoolmaster can teach you. It will be easier, however,since most of these early wild plants come from very small seeds, to take
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VI INTRODUCTORY LESSONS. your first lessons from plants wliicli Lave larger beginnings. You shouldfirst study— 2. The Plant in the seed. Get many kinds of large seeds, such aspeas, beans, squash-seeds, buckeyes, castor beans, corn, etc. Put themin water that they may become soft enough to be readily separated intotheir parts. In a day or two starchy seeds, such as peas or beans, will bein good condition. 3. First take a bean and make drawings showing the outlines as seensidewise and edgewise. Any marks that seem to be found on all beansmust be put down in the drawing, but do not bother about the shading.These attempts to represent what 3-ou see will lead to the discovery ofcertain marks on the concave edge of the bean, the meaning of whichyou may sometime learn by studjang the growth of the seed iu the pod.After you have thus studied the outside of the seed, slit it along the backAvith a sharp knife and take out the kernel. It readily splits into halveswliich are held together nearpopularcalifornia00ratt

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