File:28-spotted potato ladybird beetle (25118595684).jpg
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[edit]Description28-spotted potato ladybird beetle (25118595684).jpg |
Epilachna vigintioctopunctata, Family: Coccinellidae 7mm ladybird on Solanum nigrum Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata is a species of beetle in the family Coccinellidae. It is commonly known as the 28-spotted potato ladybird or the Hadda beetle. It feeds on the foliage of potatoes and other solanaceous crops. It originated in the far east of Russia. It was previously called Epilachna vigintioctopunctata and is a cryptic species complex. This species causes damage to agricultural crops in the three families Solanaceae (potato, tomato, aubergine and pepper), Cucurbitaceae (cucumber, melon, water-melon and pumpkin) and Fabaceae (soya and haricot beans). However the optimal host plant for the reproduction of over-wintered beetles and the development of their larvae is the potato. The loss in yield of potato tubers may reach 25% in heavy infestations. Control is by the use of resistant varieties of plants, crop rotation, the growing of solanaceous crops in open windy locations, the destruction of all plant residues and the use of pesticides when necessary ______________________________ In India, biological control by native natural enemies was not efficient enough to be practical according to Lall (1964). However, in a review of the biology and control of the species in India, Rajagopal and Trivedi (1989) mentioned various natural insect control agents and two disease-causing organisms (Aspergillus flavus and Bacillus thuringiensis) which were sometimes able to control populations. |
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Source | 28-spotted potato ladybird beetle |
Author | arian.suresh from Chennai, India |
Camera location | 13° 49′ 11.19″ N, 79° 55′ 01.84″ E ![]() | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | ![]() |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by arian.suresh at https://flickr.com/photos/137304541@N04/25118595684. It was reviewed on 24 January 2017 by FlickreviewR and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
24 January 2017
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current | 21:44, 24 January 2017 | ![]() | 1,620 × 1,080 (152 KB) | Natuur12 (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via Flickr2Commons |
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Camera model | Canon PowerShot SX60 HS |
Author | A.N.Suresh Kumar (arian.suresh@gmail.com) |
Copyright holder | This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
Exposure time | 1/125 sec (0.008) |
F-number | f/5.6 |
ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | 10:38, 23 September 2015 |
Lens focal length | 36.824 mm |
Latitude | 13° 49′ 11.19″ N |
Longitude | 79° 55′ 1.84″ E |
When re-using this work, please credit | A.N.Suresh Kumar (arian.suresh@gmail.com) |
When re-using this work, please link to | https://www.flickr.com/photos/ansk/ |
URL for copyright license | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
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Width | 4,608 px |
Height | 3,456 px |
Bits per component |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 180 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 180 dpi |
File change date and time | 14:47, 13 March 2016 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 10:38, 23 September 2015 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 3 |
APEX shutter speed | 6.96875 |
APEX aperture | 4.96875 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 4.96875 APEX (f/5.6) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Focal plane X resolution | 18,962.962962963 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 18,989.010989011 |
Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Manual exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Scene capture type | Standard |
GPS tag version | 2.3.0.0 |
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