File:11th century Bhoramdeo temple Kawardha, Chhattisgarh - 84.jpg
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[edit]Description11th century Bhoramdeo temple Kawardha, Chhattisgarh - 84.jpg |
English: Kawardha district is found in the northwest part of Chhattisgarh, near Madhya Pradesh. A hilly, forested region with lakes, it is home to historic Shiva temples that reverentially include Vaishnava, Shakti tradition themes with the Shaiva themes. The earliest temples here were made from bricks, around the 7th-century. These survive in ruins, typically eroded by rains over the centuries. Later temples were made from stone, often red sandstone. Both styles are found in Bhoramdeo group of temples - four close to each other, two about a kilometer from the main Bhoramdeo temple.
The Bhoramdeo temple, like others, has a square plan. The temple illustrates the Nagara-style of Hindu temple architecture. It was built in the 11th-century. It is significantly more intricately carved outside and inside the temple. Layers of festive scenes rise from ground along its shikara (spire). These scenes depict artha, kama, dharma and moksha scenes. The temple is famous for about 50 panels of kama maithuna scenes (mithuna, eroticism and sex celebration) where amorous couples are shown in different stages of pursuit, intimacy and sexual union. Some panels include more than two participating in the sexual act. Many positions described in the kamasutra are depicted on the panel of the Bhoramdeo temple. It is also called the Khajuraho of Chhattisgarh, though it is a bit older than the Khajuraho temples. The Bhoramdeo temple faces east like most Hindu temples. It is next to a lake. It has three sheltered and pillared entrances (east, north, south). These lead to a mandapa (hall), then an antral (passage) to the garbhagriya (sanctum). Both the mandapa and the sanctum are square. The sanctum is below the mandapa level, a feature found in some other Shaiva temples in this region. It has Shiva linga. The temple reverentially includes different avatars of Vishnu and of Shakti (Devi). Many other Vedic deities as well as post-Vedic deities such as Ganesha are prominently exhibited in the reliefs. Examples include Uma-Maheswar, Nataraja, Narasimha, Vamana, Krishna, Surya , Bhairava, Kartikeya, Shivaganga, Chamunda, Ambika, Sapta-Matrika and Laxmi-Naryana. A layer of relief wraps the lower end of the temple, featuring alternate elephants and lions. Above these are scenes of everyday life and people of different ages. Economic activity, festivals, sex, arts, dance, music and other themes are all celebrated in different layers and sections. Inside the temple, reliefs and carvings show scenes of the Ramayana and Mahabharata. Next to the Bhoramdeo temple are older temples, also dedicated to Shiva. One is a brick structure temple, also with intricate carvings. In the sanctum, the king and queen are seated in prayer before a Shiva linga. |
Date | |
Source | Own work |
Author | Ms Sarah Welch |
Camera location | 22° 06′ 55.87″ N, 81° 08′ 52.78″ E ![]() ![]() | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | ![]() |
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current | 14:12, 14 January 2021 | ![]() | 3,024 × 4,032 (5.29 MB) | Ms Sarah Welch (talk | contribs) | Uploaded own work with UploadWizard |
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Camera manufacturer | Apple |
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Camera model | iPhone XS |
Exposure time | 1/122 sec (0.0081967213114754) |
F-number | f/1.8 |
ISO speed rating | 32 |
Date and time of data generation | 13:01, 12 September 2019 |
Lens focal length | 4.25 mm |
Latitude | 22° 6′ 55.87″ N |
Longitude | 81° 8′ 52.78″ E |
Altitude | 451 meters above sea level |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
Software used | 12.4.1 |
File change date and time | 13:01, 12 September 2019 |
Y and C positioning | Centered |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 13:01, 12 September 2019 |
Meaning of each component |
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APEX shutter speed | 6.9254178340257 |
APEX aperture | 1.6959938128384 |
APEX brightness | 5.8796161068224 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, auto mode |
DateTime subseconds | 536 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 536 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 536 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | Uncalibrated |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 26 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Speed unit | Kilometers per hour |
Speed of GPS receiver | 0.026370355857526 |
Reference for direction of image | True direction |
Direction of image | 167.07325746799 |