File:0040323 Thap Doi Cham Hindu complex, Quy Nhon, Binh Dinh Vietnam 014.jpg
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Summary
[edit]Description0040323 Thap Doi Cham Hindu complex, Quy Nhon, Binh Dinh Vietnam 014.jpg |
English: The Thap Doi twin towers are 12th century Cham Hindu temples site located near the coast within the city limits of Quy Nhon, Binh Dinh province of Viet Nam. The site is located near the Ha Thanh river and it originally had three temples. However, the northern tower that was closest to the river collapsed in the 19th-century. The other two stand, were restored and strengthened in the 1990s.
The Thap Doi temples reflect the Vietnamese innovations and architecture that developed during the Vijaya period. They incorporate Khmer (Cambodian) interpretations of Hindu architecture. The temples include Garuda figures on corners, suggestive of a thriving Vishnu tradition. Art panels here are eroded being close to sea shore. One of these friezes include an army of monkeys that remind of the Ramayana epic. Another frame shows a praying man in yoga posture. These too are from the 12th century. The main tower now houses a linga and yoni, but this was brought in during the colonial era. There are inscriptions on the door jamb, but the surviving text does not help identify the builder or the deities that were originally worshipped here. The artwork that survives, and the panels from here that are now preserved in the Binh Dinh museum, indirectly suggest that this three tower complex was either dedicated to the Hindu trinity or to the Vishnu tradition. |
Date | |
Source | Own work |
Author | Ms Sarah Welch |
Camera location | 13° 47′ 09.72″ N, 109° 12′ 40.39″ E | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | 13.786033; 109.211219 |
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Licensing
[edit]This file is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. | |
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current | 14:39, 30 May 2023 | 3,300 × 4,400 (8.08 MB) | Ms Sarah Welch (talk | contribs) | Uploaded own work with UploadWizard |
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Metadata
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Camera manufacturer | Apple |
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Camera model | iPhone 14 Pro |
Exposure time | 1/604 sec (0.0016556291390728) |
F-number | f/1.78 |
ISO speed rating | 80 |
Date and time of data generation | 16:51, 3 April 2023 |
Lens focal length | 6.86 mm |
Latitude | 13° 47′ 9.72″ N |
Longitude | 109° 12′ 40.39″ E |
Altitude | 12.191 meters above sea level |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 240 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 240 dpi |
Software used | Luminar AI |
File change date and time | 16:51, 3 April 2023 |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.32 |
Date and time of digitizing | 16:51, 3 April 2023 |
Meaning of each component |
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APEX shutter speed | 9.2389530571156 |
APEX aperture | 1.6637544825625 |
APEX brightness | 6.9084599134896 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
DateTime subseconds | 246 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 246 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 246 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 24 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Speed unit | Kilometers per hour |
Speed of GPS receiver | 0.490850533701 |
Reference for direction of image | True direction |
Direction of image | 322.37393162393 |
Reference for bearing of destination | True direction |
Bearing of destination | 322.37393162393 |
IIM version | 2 |