File:Ευπαλίνειο όρυγμα - Tunnel of Eupalinus.jpg

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Ελληνικά: Το Ευπαλίνειο όρυγμα είναι μια σήραγγα μήκους 1036 μέτρων κοντά στο Πυθαγόρειο της Σάμου, η οποία κατασκευάστηκε κατά τον 6ο αιώνα π.Χ. για να χρησιμεύσει σαν υδραγωγείο. Το ιδιαίτερο χαρακτηριστικό του ήταν ότι ανοίχθηκε ταυτόχρονα και από τις δυο πλευρές του βουνού: το όρυγμα αυτό ήταν αμφίστομον όπως το χαρακτήρισε ο Ηρόδοτος, χάρις στον οποίον έγινε γνωστό. Οι δυο σήραγγες συναντήθηκαν περίπου στο μέσον με αξιοθαύμαστη ακρίβεια, κάτι που ήταν σημαντικό επίτευγμα για τα τεχνολογικά δεδομένα της εποχής. Η κατασκευή του ορύγματος έγινε με εντολή του τυράννου Πολυκράτη και εκτιμάται ότι η κατασκευή του κράτησε 10 χρόνια. Ο σχεδιαστής και μηχανικός του έργου ήταν ο Ευπαλίνος, γιος του Ναυστρόφου από τα Μέγαρα. Το άνοιγμα της σήραγγας είναι περίπου 1.80x1.80 μ. και το μήκος της 1036 μέτρα. Μερικά μέτρα κάτω από την κύρια σήραγγα έχει σκαφτεί μια μικρότερη, από την οποία περνούσε το νερό.
English: The Tunnel of Eupalinos or Eupalinian aqueduct (Modern Greek: Efpalinio orygma, Ευπαλίνειο όρυγμα) is a tunnel of 1,036 m (3,399 ft) length in Samos, Greece, built in the 6th century BC to serve as an aqueduct.[1] The tunnel is the second known tunnel in history which was excavated from both ends (Ancient Greek: αμφίστομον, amphistomon, "having two openings"), and the first with a geometry-based approach in doing so. In the sixth century BC, Samos was ruled by the famous tyrant Polycrates.[1] During his reign, two groups working under the direction of the engineer Eupalinos from Megara dug a tunnel through Mount Kastro to build an aqueduct to supply the ancient capital of Samos (today called Pythagoreion) with fresh water.
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Author GrigorisKoulouriotis
Camera location37° 41′ 42″ N, 26° 55′ 51.6″ E Kartographer map based on OpenStreetMap.View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMapinfo

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